03739cam a2200397 a 4500 330308 330308 17210021 NUST 20170620121041.0 120314s2012 fluab b 001 0 eng 2012003955 9780415697194 (hardback) 0415697190 (hardback) DLC DLC DLC pcc TD427.A77 M48 2012 612.3926 SAN 23 MED096000 SCI026000 bisacsh The metabolism of arsenite / editors: Joanne M. Santini & Seamus A. Ward. 1st ed. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2012. xxv, 189 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 26 cm. Arsenic in the environment, 1876-6218 ; v. 5 H.B Includes bibliographical references and index. "Up to 200 million people in 70 countries are at risk from drinking water contaminated with arsenic, which is a major cause of chronic debilitating illnesses and fatal cancers. Until recently little was known about the mobility of arsenic, and how redox transformations determined its movement into or out of water supplies. Although human activities contribute to the release of arsenic from minerals, it is now clear that bacteria are responsible for most of the redox transformation of arsenic in the environment. Bacterial oxidation of arsenite (to the less mobile arsenate) has been known since 1918, but it was not until 2000 that a bacterium was shown to gain energy from this process. Since then a wide range of arsenite-oxidizing bacteria have been isolated, including aerobes and anaerobes; heterotrophs and autotrophs; thermophiles, mesophiles and psychrophiles. This book reviews recent advances in the study of such bacteria. After a section on background geology and health issues the main body of the book concerns the cellular machinery of arsenite oxidation. It concludes by examining possible applications. Topics treated are: The geology and cycling of arsenic Arsenic and disease Arsenite oxidation: physiology, enzymes, genes, and gene regulation. Community genomics and functioning, and the evolution of arsenite oxidation Microbial arsenite oxidation in bioremediation Biosensors for arsenic in drinking water and industrial effluents"-- Provided by publisher. "Arsenite contamination of drinking water is a major cause of chronic illness and mortality in many countries, but until recently little was known of the processes determining its movement and concentration. Bacterial oxidation of arsenite was first described in 1918 and thought to be a means of detoxification. It was not until 2000 that the first autotrophic arsenite-oxidising bacterium was isolated and shown to gain energy from arsenite oxidation. Since then a wide range of such bacteria has been isolated and the literature on the topic has grown rapidly. This book reviews the new understanding of the diversity and abundance of such organisms, their role in arsenic cycling in the environment and their possible relations with arsenic-dependent diseases in humans"-- Provided by publisher. Arsenic Metabolism. 2880 Arsenic Environmental aspects. 2881 Drinking water Arsenic content. 2882 Arsenic in the body. 2883 Arsenic cycle (Biogeochemistry) 2884 MEDICAL / Toxicology. bisacsh 2885 SCIENCE / Environmental Science. bisacsh 2228 Santini, Joanne M. 2886 Ward, Seamus A. 2887 7 cbc orignew 1 ecip 20 y-gencatlg ddc BK IESE 0 0 ddc 0 0 NFIC IESE IESE GEN 2017-06-20 0 612.3926 SAN IESE-3026 2017-06-20 2017-06-20 BK