NUST Institutions Library Catalogue Search for 'kw,wrdl: su-br:an:"6091"'

The RF transmission systems handbook /

By Whitaker, Jerry C.. Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press, 2002 . 1 v. (various pagings) : , Includes Index http://www.worldcat.org/title/rf-transmission-systems-handbook/oclc/48834652&referer=brief_results 26 cm.. 0849309735

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Assessment of Stress Biomarkers in the Saliva of Smokers and Nonsmokers via UV Photospectrometry and POMS /

By Fahim, Maria . . 99p. , Smoking is one of the major health catastrophes. Smoking is believed to be the major cause of chronic diseases like Cardiovascular complications, stroke, pregnancy issues, respiratory failure, etc. There are three important transdiagnostic emotional factors that make the population vulnerable to initiation of smoking i.e. anhedonia anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance. Research studies for the past five decades have proven the adverse effect of stress on brain physiology and functioning. The human body responds to trauma (physical or non-physical stress) in a definite manner. This response of the body can be qualitatively and quantitatively monitored through several chemicals in the bloodstream, saliva, or urine; responding to the stress, called stress biomarkers i.e. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, cortisol, cytokines etc. Saliva delivers an efficient specimen for various diagnostic procedures due to the presence of different biological products and secondary metabolites of xenobiotics and helps in determining the disease progressions as well as therapy outcomes depending on the variations in the markers/triggers. The nature of mindset and mood states are evaluated by a scales designed to rate the behavior of an individual towards the environmental stimuli that may be physical or psychological in nature. This psychological rating scale is known as the profile of mood state (POMS). This scale was initially originated by McNair, Droppleman, and Lorr in 1971. This scale is presented in the form a questionnaire including different questions regarding the mode and feelings of a subject.This research work aims to further elucidate the utilization of UV Photospectrometry for quantitatively assessing POMS and its relation to the stress biomarker. The samples were collected form the vicinity of the university campus H-12 Islamabad. The samples were processed and stored at the biomedical laboratory of School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), NUST. A total of twenty-four (24) male subjects were analyzed. A total of two groups were considered. Group 1 included the non-smoking participants, while group 2 included smoking participants. Simple spitting technique was used for the collection of unstimulated saliva. About 4 ml unstimulated saliva was collected in the sterile falcon tube. Saliva was temporarily stored in cool boxes at 4°C and immediately II shifted to the facility. Centrifugation of the salivary sample was done at 4°C for 5 minutes and 10,000 rpm. Saliva sample was frozen at -80°C until sample collection span was completed. The mood state of the participants was also evaluated using the profile of mood state technique used initially by McNair, Lorr, and Droppleman in 1971. The total mood disturbance (TMD) score was calculated that ranges from -32 to 200. The questionnaire was accessed from ―Mackenzie, B. (2001) Profile of Mood States (POMS) [WWW] Available from: https://www.brianmac.co.uk/poms.htm [Accessed 26/6/2022]‖. Simulated neural networking (SNN) was applied to the collected data from smokers and non-smokers for accuracy scoring. The required statistical analysis was performed and the data was statistically analyzed through a software ―GraphPad Prism 8.0‖ and the respective graphs were plotted. UV spectrophotometry studies provided peak plasma concentration peaks at the lower UV range of 190 to 210 nm, but with no significant difference, representing the presence of biological stress markers. The profile of mood state evaluation studies concluded that the smoking participants were presented with a significantly higher level of individual mood profile scores i.e. anger (****, P<0.0001), confusion (**, P<0.0014), fatigue (*, P<0.0354), tension (*, P<0.0422) and stress as compared to nonsmoking participants. The vigorous score was significantly high in the nonsmoking individuals (****, P<0.0001). Similarly, total mood disturbance score was also significantly high in the smoking participants. The application of artificial neural networking through artificial machine learning scored the accuracy of the results 84% which is a reliable outcome. The current research work concludes that different stress stimuli including physiological stress and psychological stress tends to initiate/increase the smoking behavior among the community. Likewise, it is also concluded that smoking initiation may not be always triggered in response to stress. Numerous factors i.e. lack of education, negative inspiration, or behavior to impress are also involved. Furthermore, the adaptation of smoking behavior as a result of stressful stimuli is not a valid approach to reduce the noxious/stressful stimuli. The stress may further be exaggerated by smoking. 30cm.

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Experimental Study of Lings Airways /

By Sardar, Hassan . . 55p. , Breathing is phenomenon essential for every mammal on Earth. Key role of respiratory system is transmission of vital gases between air and blood. Conventionally some macroscale techniques for flow visualization in trachea-bronchial region was achieved by using 3D printing of idealized/realistic airways model. Due to limitations in fabrication and CT image resolution, limited amount of experimental study is done on bronchial region. We fabricated simplified model of terminal bronchi airways by using polydimethylsiloxane. Micro-fluidic channel is fabrication by using the 3D printed molds via SLA printer (FormLabs 3+ with layer thickness of 50 μm). The mold is then used to fabricate transparent channel of PDMS which is good for visualization of flow. It is first of its kind of fabrication of terminal bronchial airways by using microfluidic chip fabrication method. Moreover, the chips fabricated using the PDMS have some paybacks like we can easily visualize flow passing through the airways. We use syringe pumps for flow of three breathing conditions sleep, normal and exercise. We demonstrated airways focusing using microscope and visualized fluid flow by using particle image velocimetry method. The statistics evidence good agreement with our experimental results and simulation results from the literature. The results shows that turbulence kinetics energy decreases by using pressurized meter dose inhaler. 30cm.

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Evaluation of different metal cutting models during machining of Inconel-718 /

By Hamza, M Ghazi . . 42p. , Inconel-718 is a nickel-based aerospace alloy that has large domain of applications in the aerospace industry and also in ground-based turbines. Machining of Inconel-718 is a very difficult process as it is able to retain its strength even at high temperatures resulting in a lot of tool wear and making it difficult to machine, thus making it a topic of interest among researchers. In order to study the orthogonal machining process of this material, development of a FEM model, in Abaqus software, which can simulate the process with good accuracy is extremely important. To simulate the plastic deformation and damage of Inconel-718, during the machining process, different material modelling techniques are available in the literature. Among these material models, Johnson Cook Plasticity model is widely accepted as being more accurate. When modelling the machining process using FEM, the Johnson Cook Plasticity model is utilized to forecast the plastic deformation and behaviour of a material. However, there are different values of parameters, involved in the JC model equation, available in the literature which have been derived experimentally. Using these different values of parameters in the simulation process of machining brings a variation in the output values. Thus, the need to evaluate these different models arises. This research will focus on identifying which model proves to be more accurate in predicting the cutting forces during machining of Inconel-718. Results obtained from each model will be compared to the experimental results and a conclusion will be derived about which model is preferrable to be used in simulation this process in future. 30cm.

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Development of Reinforced Metal Tubing for Vascular Applications /

By Arshad, Aimen . . 53p , Coronary artery diseases remain one of the leading causes of mortality, with the incidence of death rate being 20% in Pakistan. The disease causes deposition of plaque on the lumen of the blood vessels that narrow the coronary arteries (blood) hindering the blood flow to the heart and rest of the tissues. The treatment procedure of the disease involves delivering the expandable device (balloon/stent) to the target region. Guide catheters plays a crucial role for the advancement of these treatment devices (stent/balloon). Guide catheters are hollow tubular structures of 100-110 cm in length, which are required to provide support, and facilitate the delivery of the stent/balloon at the target region. The guide catheter is made to enter the body via the wrist/femoral artery. From here, it traverses all the way to the heart while passing through blood vessels of varying diameter, and a tortuous anatomy of the body. In fact, the pathway of the guide catheter is not a straight, rather a curved path. It is important for the guide catheter to have certain mechanical characteristics to reach the heart without causing any vascular trauma. The performance of the guide catheter heavily relies on its braided shaft, and the outer jacket. Spontaneous movement of the catheter due to its instability, coronary dissections due to a high push force, and arterial spasms resulting from the friction are a few common problems of guide catheters used commercially. The current research is focused on catering these challenges by optimizing the pitch of the braided shaft and jacketing the shaft with a polymer unique to commercial catheters. In order to find the best guide catheter to meet the challenges presented in the literature, three guide catheters of varying pitch were designed, and coated with a polyimide jacket material. The protypes were tested for performance under mechanical, and physically testing and the candidate performing the best was selected. The guide catheter that performed the best in providing the longitudinal stiffness, reducing the friction, and decreasing the push force was chosen, and bench tested. 30cm.

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Analyzing and Decoding Natural Reach & Grasp Action Using Convolutional Neural Network /

By Nazir, Abida . . 44p. , Reaching and Grasping is most signi cant component of human life.Translation of EEG in the form of upper limb movement is of great importance for realization of natural neuroprosthesis control and restoration of hand movements of patients with motor disorders. Patients su ering from spinal cord injury (SCI)problems have lost most of voluntary motor control functions. Such type of loss can be cured using movement related cortical potentials (MRCPS) analysis. Brain computer interface with limb neuro-prosthesis is considered as a solution to such problems. This study anlyzes EEG signals in relation with natural reach and grasp actions. EEG signals have movement related cortical potentials (MRCPS) which can be used to decode upper limb movements. This experiment was performed in Graz University of Technology Austria and they o ered free access dataset for further exploration.Total 45 subjects were involved in this study, 15 subjects with every type of electrode:gel,water and dry performed the experiment. All subjects accomplished self-initiated 80 reach and grasp actions toward a spoon within the jar (lateral grasp) and toward an empty glass (palmar grasp).EEG signals are recorded using three types of electrodes: water based, Gel based and Dry electrodes. In this study signals are classi ed using Deep learning technique i.e Convulotional Neural Networks. For analysis, EEG signals were preprocessed using various lteration techniques. After ltration data is fed into classi er for classi cation of signals. Data is divided into test set and training set. Grand average peak accuracy calculated on unseen test data resulted in 54.2% classi cation accuracy i.e Gel based accuracy approached 56.8.4%, water based 52.7% and dry based 51.8%. 30cm.

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PR-SOF-2282-Design, Analysis And Fabrication Of Efficient Speed Breaker For Power Generation

By Muhammad Haris Haider Ali Muhammad Zubair Malik Anees Ur Rehman . ISLAMABAD: NUST COLLEGE OF EME, 2023

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