NUST Institutions Library Catalogue Search for 'an:"119503"'

Biomineralization of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) plastic through Sporosarcina species for plastic waste management /

By Kamran Shahzad, Muhammad . . 48p. ; 30cm..

Place Hold on Biomineralization of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) plastic through Sporosarcina species for plastic waste management /

Isolation, Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Rumex acetosella Plant /

By Abbasi, Zoya Orangzeb . . 62p. 30cm.

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Evaluating Antibacterial And Wound Healing Activity Of Rumex acetosella Leaves /

By Fareed, Laraib. . 60p. ; 30cm..

Place Hold on Evaluating Antibacterial And Wound Healing Activity Of Rumex acetosella Leaves /

Cannabinoid Extract Protects Against Valproic Acid Induced Autism Spectrum Disorder /

By Ali, Faiza. . 79p. ; 30cm..

Place Hold on Cannabinoid Extract Protects Against Valproic Acid Induced Autism Spectrum Disorder /

Synthesis and Characterization of pH-Sensitive Smart Patch for Anti- Hypertensive Drug /

By Azhar, Maleeha. . 64p. ; 30cm..

Place Hold on Synthesis and Characterization of pH-Sensitive Smart Patch for Anti- Hypertensive Drug /

Development and Characterization of DNA-based Kit for Cancer Diagnosis /

By Fatima, Areej. . 74p. ; 30cm..

Place Hold on Development and Characterization of DNA-based Kit for Cancer Diagnosis /

Synthesis, Characterization and Application Of Natural Nano Composites /

By Tariq, Faiza . . 71p. , The use of natural polymers in the creation of skin wound dressings has gained attentionfor its potential to speed up healing and protect against pathogens. In this study, theability of the Papaver somniferum plant to heal wounds in various forms, suchas pureplant extract, plant-derived silver nanoparticles, and their inclusion in a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel, was investigated. Characterization of the compounds was done usingUVspectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanningelectron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Antimicrobial tests showedthat silver nanoparticles had a zone of inhibition of 12mm against Staphylococcus aureus, while the silver nanoparticle hydrogel had a zone of inhibition of 23mmagainst Klebsillapneumonia. The zone of inhibition by the plant extract was 11mmagainst Staphylococcus aureus, while the plant extract gel had a zone of inhibition of 16mmagainst Staphylococcus aureus. The results suggest that the bio-composite patches createdfrom these materials have potential to work against both gram-positive andgram-negative bacteria. In a mouse model, the wound healing capacity was highest for thesilver nanoparticle gel, with a wound closure of 1.7mm. Histological analysis alsoshowed that the silver nanoparticle hydrogel had excellent wound repair properties. Overall, the study suggests that pure AgNPs and bio-composite hydrogel of AgNPs haveefficient and quick healing of wounds as compared to the plant extract and plant nanocomposites hydrogel. 30cm.

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Elucidating the effect of Bacopa monnieri on Cadmium induced toxicity in mice /

By Ahmed ,Muez. . 77p. ; 30cm.

Place Hold on Elucidating the effect of Bacopa monnieri on Cadmium induced toxicity in mice /

Assessment of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Cancer Patients /

By Asad ,Malik Muhammad. . 42p. ; 30cm..

Place Hold on Assessment of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Cancer Patients /

Saikosaponin B2 modulate oxidative stress in scopolamine induced murine model of Alzheimer’s Disease /

By Malik, Mehreen Nadeem . . 80p. , One of the initial pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is cognitive decline and memory loss by disruption of cholinergic neurons and oxidative brain damage. A postsynaptic muscarinic receptor blocker, scopolamine impairs cholinergic transmission and impairs cognition. Here, we observed the physiological processes underlying Saikosaponin b2's impact on memory deficits in mice that had been given scopolamine repeatedly. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg) administration for 15 days caused severe deficits in working and short-term memory in mice, as determined by the elevated plus maze, Morris water maze, and novel object recognition tests. However, scopolamine administered mice who were additionally given Saikosaponin b2 did not experience either deficit. This effect was associated with an increase in antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, Glutathione reductase, glutathione s transferase and catalase), followed by reduction in lipid peroxidation and myeloperoxidase activity. 30cm.

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Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Enhances Anticancer Activity of HDAC Inhibitor Panobinostat /

By Nawaz, Tayyaba . . 80p. , Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women even though numerous treatment options for breast cancer have been documented. Panobinostat, A histone deacetylase inhibitor, modifies gene expression through epigenetic pathways and prevents protein breakdown. The focus of this study is to enhance drug distribution to the tumor site and boost the efficiency of Panobinostat by using silver nanoparticles as controlled drug delivery system. Here we report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using Rhazya stricta extract, as a nanocarriers for drug delivery. These drugs loaded nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDX techniques. The overall findings demonstrated that AgNPs synthesized through Rhazya stricta has the high potential for sustained release of Panobinostat for cancer therapy. As the successfully synthesized Panobinostat-AgNPs were stable and exhibited increased in vitro anticancer activity compared with free Panobinostat, our data demonstrate that the combination of AgNPs with Panobinostat improves the drug's longterm viability, effectiveness, and active targeting as a potential targeted therapeutic molecule for the treatment of cancer. To strengthen the utilization of this combination therapy in cancer therapy trials, further research is warranted. 30cm.

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Saikosaponin B2 Prevents Against BAP-induced Lungs Cancer in Mouse Model by Regulating Oxidative Stress /

By Imran, Jannat . . 83p. , Cancer of the lungs is the second most frequent form of cancer overall and has the greatest mortality rate because to its severe pathological abnormalities. In lung cancer, abnormal cell proliferation causes the alveolar duct to clot. Lung cancer is difficult to treat due to its clinical and biological heterogeneity, which necessitates the development of new therapeutic approaches or the refinement of existing ones. To investigate this, saikosaponin b2 was administered to mice with lung cancer caused by B(a)P. (SSb2). BAP is considered a group one carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Therefore, B(a)P may play a role in producing lung cancer. Albino balb/c mice were given B(a)P on alternate days over a 4-week period to induce cancer, with DMBA given weekly to encourage tumor growth. Beginning in the third week, SSb2 was given daily for twenty days. The drug's potential anti-cancer effects were studied by examining hepatic biomarkers, lung histology, and oxidative stress indicators. Increases in SOD, CAT, GST, and GSH levels accompanied by decreases in MDA levels and enhanced B(a)P detoxification after SSb2 treatment, which also improved liver function. Histopathology data showed that as compared with the B(a)P alone group, SSb2 reduced inflammation, membrane blebbing, and alveolar structure began returning to normal. 30cm.

Place Hold on Saikosaponin B2 Prevents Against BAP-induced Lungs Cancer in Mouse Model by Regulating Oxidative Stress /

Assessment of Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer Patients of Pakistan /

By Ishaq, Sadaf . . 58p. , Protection through a thorough vaccination campaign has become crucial with the beginning of the second wave of COVID-19 infection globally, notably in Pakistan in March-April 2021. The effectiveness of vaccines in lowering the chance of contracting serious illnesses makes them essential weapons in the fight against COVID-19. According to the GLOBOCAN database, approximately, 19.3 million new cases in 2020 of cancer were recorded. which made it difficult for medical practitioners to safeguard so many "sensitive" people against COVID-19. The COVID-19 outbreak could only be stopped after it had begun through vaccination. Around the world, there is doubt regarding the effectiveness and safety of the current COVID-19 immunization. Investigating the adverse consequences of post-COVID-19 vaccination is the goal of this study, in cancer and non-cancer subjects who received a range of vaccinations, including inactivated viral vaccines (Sinopharm and Sinovac), RNAbased vaccines (Moderna and Pfizer), and non-replicating viral vaccines (AstraZeneca and Casino bio) based on Adenovirus (Sputnik-V). In this study, questionnaires and interviews were used to examine the concurrent side effects of various COVID-19 vaccines in populations with and without cancer. IBM-SPSS was used to analyze the data using a chi-square test and an independent sample T-test. The non-cancer category was where the majority of the negative effects were documented. Patients who received the vaccine safely under the care of the medical oncology clinic reported no significant toxicity. Concluded that these vaccines are safe for both cancer patients and people without cancer. Based on the information available, we advise cancer patients to get the inactivated viral-based COVID-19 vaccination 30cm.

Place Hold on Assessment of Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer Patients of Pakistan /

A Cross-Sectional Study on Post COVID-19 Vaccination Adverse Effects in the Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Population /

By Sohail, Sana . . 59p. , Vaccination was the only method available to stop the COVID-19 epidemic once it had started. There is skepticism about the efficacy and safety of current COVID-19 vaccination around the world. Because glycemic alterations have been observed after immunization, there were significant worries regarding post-vaccination unfavorable consequences in the diabetic community. The purpose of this study is to examine the adverse effects of post-COVID-19 vaccination in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects who received various types of vaccinations, including inactivated viral vaccines (Sinopharm and Sinovac), RNA-based vaccines (Moderna and Pfizer), and nonreplicating-viral vaccines (AstraZeneca and Casino bio). This study aims to investigate the concomitant side effects caused by different COVID-19 vaccines in diabetic and non-diabetic populations by questionnaire, interviews, and analysis of blood samples for different biomarkers. Data collected was analyzed using IBM-SPSS by applying an independent sample T-test, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression. Most of the side effects were reported within the age group 31-40 and 41-50. There is no significant difference in side effects after vaccination in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. The glycemic imbalance was seen high in individuals vaccinated with RNA-based vaccine with n=27(31.2%) reporting high blood sugar levels. Concluded that these vaccines are safe for diabetic individuals but keeping results in view RNA-based vaccines should be administered with blood glycemic levels in check. 30cm.

Place Hold on A Cross-Sectional Study on Post COVID-19 Vaccination Adverse Effects in the Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Population /

Liposomal Formulation of Lapatinib for the Treatment of Breast Cancer /

By Idrees, Maria . . 70p. , Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among global women, even though numerous treatment options for breast cancer have been documented. Lapatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, modifies the cellular pathways and halts cell proliferation. The focus of this study includes the distribution of the drug to the tumor site in high amount and boost the efficiency of Lapatinib-loaded liposomes as a controlled drug delivery system against breast cancer. The synthesis of liposomes was followed by drug loading. The cargo was characterized under XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and zeta analysis techniques. The overall findings demonstrated that the Liposomal formulation of Lapatinib has a high potential for sustained release of the drug for cancer therapy. As the successfully synthesized Lapatinibliposomes were stable and exhibited increased in vitro anticancer activity as compared to free Lapatinib. Our study demonstrates that the combination of Lapatinib with liposomes improves the drug's long-term viability, effectiveness, and active targeting as a potential targeted therapeutic molecule for breast cancer treatment. To strengthen the utilization of this combination therapy in cancer therapy trials, further research is warranted. 30cm.

Place Hold on Liposomal Formulation of Lapatinib for the Treatment of Breast Cancer /

Endocrine Dysregulation Adversely Effects Female Reproductive Health in South Punjab Pakistan /

By Rao, Marium Tufail . . 101p. , Endocrine disorders have severe consequences for reproductive health and, overall, the woman’s condition. The role of this research is to establish the level of hormonal imbalance resulting in reproductive and other diseases among women in south Punjab, Pakistan. Thus, the present study has adopted a cross-sectional, observational research design in choosing 430 females from Bahawalpur Victoria hospital. Serum samples were also taken from females and hormonal assays performed on the collected samples in endocrine lab. The collected data were analyzed statistically to compare hormonal levels with health status of the women. The findings of the study were that the common symptoms were fatigue, cravings for food, and the high level of obesity among the participants. Hormonal level was correlated with amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, type 2 diabetes, and insomnia at the considerable level. Serum levels of CA- 125 and AFP were also raised significantly with ovarian cancer. Some other common manifestations were psychological, such as depression, anxiety, increased, and insomnia. Also, the most frequent reproductive symptoms identified were pain and swelling of the breasts, benign breast diseases, and night sweating. The survey work showed high prevalence of hair loss and hirsutism to above the norms, therefore pointing at dermatological consequences of hormonal disturbances. Another group of marriage-related problems that were also identified were fertility problems which were also common affecting a large percentage of the population. No significant associations were found between hormonal levels and certain conditions such as cardiovascular disease and liver disease. The hormonal testing showed dysregulation in FSH and LH and estrogen and progesterone and thyroid hormones. Women of south Punjab are undergoing hormonal imbalance, which includes reproductive health problems and other health related concerns. Focused education on symptoms, early checkups, and encompassing medical approaches are useful in reducing effects of hormonal fluctuations in this group of ladies. 30cm.

Place Hold on Endocrine Dysregulation Adversely Effects Female Reproductive Health in South Punjab Pakistan /

Metal Nanoparticles Enhances Sorafenib Activity against Cancerous Cell Lines /

By Jamil, Muhammad Ammad . . 108p. , Globally, cancer prevalence is increasing rapidly, requiring urgent development of effective therapeutics strategies. Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and is categorized into various stages and types, each with different epidemiology. Cancer cell lines are derived from many tumor types, then cultured in vitro, and are essential for studying cancer genetic and drug testing. Sorafenib is a multi-kinase inhibitor drug, widely used in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma, but has limitations such as low bioavailability and solubility. This study deals with the use of bacopa monnieri for the synthesis of copper formulated and zinc formulated nano-coated drugs; and investigates their effect of on cancer cell line (MCF-7). Both nano-coated drugs were characterized by various techniques; UV-Vis spectrometry confirmed the drug absorbance at 262nm and 263nm, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of interaction between the sorafenib drug and nanoparticles, X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed their crystallinity nature, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that copper formulated nano-coated drug was stable with good coating and surface morphology and zinc formulated nano-coated drug was less stable due to irregular shape morphology, Dynamic light scattering (DSL) confirmed that copper formulated nano-coated drug size ranged from 12nm to 13nm and zinc formulated nano-coated drug size ranged from 9nm to 10nm, Zeta potential confirmed that copper formulated nano-coated drug was stable (fit values ranged between (-21mV ̶ -18mV)) and zinc formulated nano-coated drug was slightly less stable (fit values ranges -7.12mV ̶ +12.35mV). MTT assay showed that copper formulated nano-coated drug has the cell viability of 64.8% with IC50 value of 4.599µM and zinc formulated nano-coated drug has the cell viability of 68.5% with IC50 value of 34.50µM. Both nano-coated drugs exhibited less cell viability than the actual drug and are stable, thus, making them suitable for the cancer treatment. 30cm.

Place Hold on Metal Nanoparticles Enhances Sorafenib Activity against Cancerous Cell Lines /

Characterization and Development of Stevia Tablets for the Diabetics /

By Khalid, Muhammad Salman . . 102p. , The increasing demand for a suitable natural sweetener has been extensively investigated keeping in mind the harmful and adverse effects of the traditional sugar. Regarding the growing concerns about health issues, stevia plant has gained valuable popularity because of its natural sweetness. In the present study, we explored the cost-effective approach for the efficient extraction of steviol glycosides along with in the form of powder accompanied with the manufacturing of tablets with appropriate binder and disintegrator. The aim is to manufacture stevia tablets within accordance with the green technology rules, by utilizing low amount of resources as much as possible. Study comprises of several stages including the extraction of steviol glycosides with hot water accompanying its purification and precipitation into powder form using activated charcoal and ethanol, secondary solvent, respectively. Once done, the powder was characterized using UV analysis, XRD, FTIR and GC-MS for identification of major steviol glycosides along with the dominant functional groups, quantification, identification of volatile compounds and to check the degree of crystallinity of the extracted powder. After the characterization, the stevia powder was mixed with a-cellulose and sodium starch glycolate to be manufactured into tablets of relative size, 180 mg/tablet. after that, the tablets were subjected to quality control as per the standard of international pharmacopeias to access whether they can be prepared on industrial scale or not, prior to DRAP approval. The quality tests, comprised of weight variation, friability, tablet hardness, rate of disintegration, and assay test, crucial for the active ingredients, gave favorable results that ensured the tablet’s strength and consistency. The approach gave valuable insights in the development and optimization of safe, highly stable, rapidly disintegrated and efficient products as per the standards of IP, BP, and USP. All this proved the potential of stevia in the management of diabetes. 30cm.

Place Hold on Characterization and Development of Stevia Tablets for the Diabetics /

Development of Nano-polymer Based Dialysis Membrane /

By Mazhar, Somia . . 79p. , The kidneys are essential for preserving the body's internal balance. However, kidney illnesses impact millions of people globally and pose a serious threat to public health. Hemodialysis membranes based on polyethersulfone (PES) can offer patients with renal impairment a life-sustaining therapeutic method. Nevertheless, the intrinsic hydrophobic nature of PES contributes to an inefficiency of uremic toxin clearance and a compromised hemocompatibility. This work evaluates the effects of hydrophilic additives, SiO2 nanoparticles, on the functionality of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. NMP was used as the solvent in the non-solvent phase inversion procedure to create the membranes. Tensile testing, porosity, contact angle analysis, FTIR, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the manufactured membranes. The SEM images demonstrated the successful fabrication of the membranes. Each membrane possessed a thin skin layer and an asymmetric porous framework. As a result of the synergistic effect, the membrane with the highest nanoparticles concentration performed better. The membrane having the highest nanoparticles concentration had excellent hydrophilicity, increased porosity, and a high-water retention capacity. Moreover, they showed a urea clearance of 76.5%, a pure water flux of 94 L/m²/h, and an outstanding BSA rejection of 96.56%. RSM modelling was employed to determine the urea clearance that verified the ideal conditions for urea removal were concentrations of 1200 mg/L and 0.6 MPa. 30cm.

Place Hold on Development of Nano-polymer Based Dialysis Membrane /

pH-Responsive Aloe Vera Hydrogels Loaded with Imatinib for Targeting Drug Resistance in Cancer /

By Hasan Khan ,Aroob. . 77p. ; , Cancer and its reoccurrence have become a major health problem affecting the quality of life for millions of individuals every year. The currently available strategies, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have non-specific targets, lower solubility, and severe side effects. Hydrogels are crosslinked polymeric networks with higher swelling properties, degradation, biocompatibility, and flexibility which can be manipulated based on the desired application. Incorporating AV can elevate the antioxidant, and anticancer properties of the hydrogel based drug delivery system (DDS) also warranting enhanced swelling, drug release, and environmental degradability of the system. Acrylic acid (AA) induces pH-responsive properties in the hydrogels. The PVA/SA and PVA/SA/AV hydrogels were synthesized with a pH responsive behavior and investigated at different pH conditions. The unloaded and loaded PVA/SA and PVA/SA/AV hydrogels with imatinib (IM) were characterized for their structural morphology, physiochemical characteristics, and antioxidant and anticancer activity. The IM loaded PVA/SA/AV hydrogels showed increased pore size in SEM micrographs, enhanced swelling abilities up to 400%, 100% degradation, 56% encapsulation efficiency, and drug release profiles of up to 94% in 24 h, compared to PVA/SA hydrogels loaded with IM. Dpph radical scavenging activity was also observed to be enhanced in PVA/SA/AV hydrogels. Finally, the cell viability analysis in resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines exhibited 41% cell viability of the PVA/SA/AV hydrogels loaded with IM implying a promising potential of AV to be incorporated in a hydrogel based drug delivery system for targeting drug resistance in cancer. 30cm..

Place Hold on pH-Responsive Aloe Vera Hydrogels Loaded with Imatinib for Targeting Drug Resistance in Cancer /

Cross Sectional Study OnHousehold Food Insecurity and Associated Factors in adult health status in Afghanistan /

By Eshaq Safi, Muhammad . . 60p. ; , Everybody has the right to food security, which ought to be provided everywhere. There are many levels of food insecurity in Afghanistan, which covers the province of Nangarhar. Policy decision-making requires evaluation in order to be supported. The purpose of the current study was to ascertain the prevalence of food insecurity and the contributing factors in the province of Nangarhar. Using the 18-item home food security survey module from the US Department of Agriculture, 284 heads of household were questioned in-person for the current study. cooperation as well as civility. With the use of SPSS v.23 and the chi-square test, the relationship between the independent and dependent variables was investigated. Fifty-four percent of the families had extremely poor food security, followed by moderate food security (5.6%), low food security (14.9%), and excellent food security (94.4%). In comparison, food insecurity affected 49.6% of households. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the type of district (2 = 84.99, P = 0.000), age (2 = 75.88, P = 0.000), marital status (2 = 59.17, P = 0.000), education level(2 = 52.72, P = 0.000), number of families in the household (2 = 90.40, P = 0.000), number of household members (2 = 90.09, P = 0.000), ownership of the house building (2 = 58.18, P = 0.000), monthly income (~^2 = 147.26, P = 0.000), spouse education level (2 = 10.00, P = 0.019), land size for agriculture (~^2 = 38..61, P = 0.000), and number of livestock (2^2 = 23.38, P = 0.246). Inconclusion, the province ofNangarhar still has a high rate offood insecurity. Responsible businesses should create and carry out efficient programs that give priority to the most disadvantaged target groups according to their sociodemographic traits in order to address this problem. 30cm..

Place Hold on Cross Sectional Study OnHousehold Food Insecurity and Associated Factors in adult health status in Afghanistan /

Saikosaponin B2 Protects Against LPS Induced Inflammation In Neuronal Cell Lines /

By Sajjad ,Aleena. . 76p. ; , This study explores the protective effects of Saikosaponin B2, a triterpenoid extracted from the roots of Radix bupleurum against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, a common model for studying neurodegenerative diseases. LPS induces strong immune reactions, activating pro-inflammatory cytokines, increases ROS generation, ultimately leading to neuronal damage and loss. We theorized that Saikosaponin B2 holds an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant profile capable of mitigating LPS-induced effects. An in-vitro model was used to determine the extract’s effectiveness in reducing inflammatory gene expression, ROS generation and activation of injury mechanisms. Our results show that Saikosaponin B2 reduces LPS-induced inflammation, signifying its possible utilization as a therapeutic agent against neurodegenerative diseases. 30cm..

Place Hold on Saikosaponin B2 Protects Against LPS Induced Inflammation In Neuronal Cell Lines /