NUST Institutions Library Catalogue Search for 'an:"119529"'

Evaluating the Effects of Shielding Gas Composition on Arc Plasma in Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) /

By Tanweer, Hassan . . 101p. 30cm.

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Effect of Building on Aero-Acoustics of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine /

By Akram, Shoaib. . 72p. ; 30cm..

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Hydrodynamics of multiple fish in staggered arrangement /

By Shiraz Naeem, Muhammad. . 54p. ; 30cm..

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Experimental Investigation of a Mini Turbofan Engine with Respect to Turbojet for its Thrust Modulation /

By Tahir, Hamza. . 59p. 30cm.

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Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV) Based Electro-mechanical Energy Harvesting System in Confined Space /

By Shahid, Hanzla . . 59p. 30cm.

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Design and Fabrication of Self-Perpetuating Micropump /

By Razzaq, Maria. . 39p. , This research work focuses on the development of high-performance capillary pumps for low-cost point-of-care diagnostic devices using printed circuit board (PCB) technology. The study explores the design and fabrication of capillary pumps using PCBs and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to create microfluidic devices. Two different designs of PCBbased micropumps with hexagonal-shaped micropillars are proposed, offering different vertical distances between rows to achieve varying flow rates and fluid volumes. The fabrication process involves designing the PCB microchannel, cutting the PCB fiber sheet, creating silicon molds, pouring and curing PDMS, bonding the PDMS replicas to a substrate, and testing the micropump's performance. Experimental setups are established to measure the flow rate and pressure drop of different glycerin ratios in the microfluidic system. The results indicate that as the glycerin content increases, the flow rate decreases due to increased fluid viscosity. Design 1 consistently exhibits higher flow rates than Design 2 due to the smaller gap distance between micropillars. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of PCB-based capillary pumps in controlling fluid flow and offer valuable insights for the development of low-cost point-of-care diagnostic devices. The design of micropumps for studying blood flow at low flow rates offers significant advantages in investigating blood-related conditions. The precise control overflow rates, realistic simulations, integration with microfluidic systems, drug delivery studies, and reduced sample requirements all contribute to a deeper understanding of blood disorders and the development of personalized treatment approaches. 30cm.

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Experimental Investigation of Multi-Particles Sorting using Microfluidic Devices /

By Qurashi, Muhammad Siddique . . 45p. , In inertial Microfluidic field, movement of different particle causes different equilibrium position in microchannel because of the inertial effects. For particle sorting this is not appreciable. So with the help of secondary flow (which is at right angle to the primary flow) and drag of particles, number of equilibrium positions can be reduced and this also help in focusing of the particles. Amplitude and direction of secondary flow can be influenced by the curved configuration of the microchannel. In this thesis work, three different size of blood cells (Erythrocyte 9µm, Lymphocyte 15µm and Monocyte 20µm) were analyzed using passive techniques. We used two different techniques for the manufacturing of microchannel. First microchannel was produced by using SLA 3D printing and second channel was manufacture by using laser cutting technique. In both techniques, there was only one inlet and three outlets. We use three different angles (30, 60 and 90) between outlets for each manufacturing technique. Both channels were studied under microscope. Among these two channels laser channel gives better results. After taking images with the help of microscope, image post processing was done by using MATLAB. We can use that microfluidic device in medical labs as it is easy to use, portable and had low cost. 30cm.

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Effects of Cyclic Absorption Desorption on RP Materials /

By Hassan, Sameed. . 49p. ; 33cm..

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Investigation of Armor against Shape Charge /

By Akbar, Minhaj . . 62p. ; 33cm..

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FSI ANALYSIS OF A VIBRATING CYLINDER IN TANDEM ARRANGEMENT /

By AHMAD, MUBASHAR. . 57p. ; 30cm..

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Numerical simulation of multiple energy harvesting EEL in tandem arrangement /

By Gulfaraz ,Tayyab . 30cm..

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Experimental analysis of an inverted energy harvesting eel /

By Umair ,Muhammad. . 58p. ; 30cm..

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Numerical analysis of electro-fluid-flexible body interaction /

By Arshad , Muhammad Asfandyar. . 45p. ; 30cm..

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Experimental Investigation of Energy Harvesting Eel in the Wake of Bluff Body under Ocean Waves /

By Ali , Ehtisham. 30cm..

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Experimental Investigation of Two Conventional Energy Harvesting Eels in Tandem Configuration /

By Khan, Ahmad Mujtaba. . 47p. ; 30cm..

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Experimental Investigation of Harbor under Wave Loading /

By Ullah, Hammas . . 49p. ; 30cm..

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Design and Analysis of a micro-scale Heat Exchanger /

By Naqvi, Ali Ammar . . 69p. ; 30cm..

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Experimental Analysis of Cascaded Micro Heat Exchanger /

. 38p. ; 30cm..

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STUDY THE SUPPRESSION OF JUNCTURE FLOWS USING LOW DRAG VORTEX GENERATORS /

By AHMAD ,JUNAID . . 199p. ; 30cm..

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Parametric Study of Leading-Edge Slat Size and Placement Parameters for achieving optimal Aerodynamic and Acoustic Performance of VAWT /

By MASOOD ,MUHAMMAD BILAL . . 53p. ; 30cm..

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Design and Fabrication of Simple Thermoacoustic Refrigerator /

By Munsif ,Aakash. . 52p. ; 30cm..

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Design and Analysis of Micro Heat Exchanger /

By Javed, Aqib . . 46p. ; 30cm..

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Direct Numerical Simulation of Inverted Flag /

By Umar ,Hafiz Muhammad . . 33p. ; 30cm.

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Effect on Flow Characteristics around a 3D Square Cylinder with Corner Codifications /

By Hammad ,Ahmad . . 55p. ; 30cm..

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Aeroacoustic Analysis of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine /

By Butt ,Abdul Hadi. . 88p. ; 30cm..

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Experimental Aeroacoustics Analysis of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine /

By Jamil , Muhammad Ahsan . . 56p. ; 30cm..

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Microstructure Evaluation of Copper Prepared through Fused Deposition Modelling of Metal /

By Shabbir ,Muzamil Ahmad . . 56p. ; 30cm..

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Parametric Study of Indirect Evaporative Cooler Based on Maisotsenko Cycle (M.cycle) /

By Khalid, Ayesha. . 43p. ; 30cm..

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Energy Harvesting by Using Piezoelectric Flag behind CCylinders in Side by Side Arrangement /

By Idrees ,Muhammad Saad. . 98p. ; 30cm..

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Numerical Analysis of Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Water Injection Process in Diesel Engine /

By Owais : Rana Muhammad. . 84p. ; 30cm..

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Portable Hybrid High Efficiency Irrigation System /

By Sabir ,Muhammad Shahid Nadeem. . 52P. ; 30cm..

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Numerical Analysis of Hydrodynamic Noise in Fluid Flexible Body Interaction /

By DANIAL BIN ANJUM , MUHAMMAD. . 63p. ; 30cm..

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Energy Harvesting by Bio Inspired Fins Using Rectangular Cylinders of Different Aspect Ratio /

By Haris, Muhammad . . 64p. , In order to operate a micro electromechanical device, we need a small amount of energy. In this research, we suggested an energy harvesting system based on wake flow for these types of devices. Energy harvesting using piezoelectric flag is a renewable energy source which attain a lot of interest in the research field. The flag oscillates when the fluid force at certain velocity strikes the bluff body. It is positioned at the wake of the cylinder, and it functions as cantilever beam. When the water strikes the bluff body vortices is generated which tend to oscillate the flag and energy is transferred. The kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into electric energy using the piezoelectric flag and supplied directly to the small sensors when needed. Cross section area of the cylinders and different parameters strongly influenced on the power output. To investigate the impact of parameter on the energy harvesting, a flexible flag is used. Detail experimentation was performed to investigate the influence of parameter with change in aspect ratio of cylinder on the power output. In this study, rectangular cylinder of different aspect ratio (1, 1.2 and 1.4) with bio inspired fins (Dorsal, Pectoral and Pelvic) were used. Apart from bluff body, other parameter like streamwise gap (Gx), stiffness of the flag and velocity plays an Important role in the energy harvesting. Total 63 cases were performed in our study and in each case 1 – 1.5min video was recorded to investigate the flapping of the eel. Total nine different type of cylinders was used in our study on which experimentation was done at different streamwise gaps. Streamwise gap (Gx) varies from 1 - 4. By varying the Gx we have found out that at some position the coupling of the wake with the piezoelectric flag is good enough and produce maximum strain. The results concluded that by using Dorsal fins having 1.2 A.R rectangular cylinder gives maximum power. Maximum power was achieved at Gx = 3.5 which is 82.74µW. Minimum power was shown in 1 A.R rectangular cylinder in Dorsal fin at Gx = 1 which is 7.63µW. We had compared the hollow circular cylinder with our study, 5-10% more power was harvested. 30cm.

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Estimation of weld induced residual stresses in thin cylinders using indirect coupling method /

By ULLAH ,NAIMAT. . 74p. ; 30cm..

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Energy Harvesting from Energy Harvesting Eel behind Inverted C-Cylinder in Stagger Arrangement /

By Rahim, Abdul . . 87p. , Self-powered instruments have gained growing attention from the researchers to make use of renewable energy sources present in our environment, as these are environmentally friendly and have become a part of the modern world. Energy harvesting from a renewable energy source is classified into the macro scale and micro scale. Macroscale includes solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, and micro-scale includes mechanical energy (vibration, deformation), heat, electromagnetic radiation, temperature gradient. The choice of energy source depends on different factors: sensing lifetime, sensing load, amount of energy to be harvested, and storage. In the last several decades, the energy harvesting due to flow-induced fluttering of an energy harvesting eel has attracted interest. When a bluff body is placed in a constant fluid flow. At the interface of fluid and solid, boundary layer is produced because of the no-slip condition. Due to adverse pressure gradient, this boundary layer separates from wall and become an independent vortex structure. The region in which these vortex lies is known to be a wake region. Energy harvesting eel made of piezoelectric polymer flutters when it is placed in the wake region behind the bluff body. This results in electrical energy generation. We experimentally investigate the effect of inverted C-cylinder with different cut angles (1200, 1500, 1800) on energy harvesting and the dynamics of conventional energy harvesting eel by varying streamwise and crosswise distances. The experiment was performed in closed loop water tunnel and free stream velocity of fluid was fixed to be 0.31 𝑚𝑚⁄𝑠𝑠. Energy harvesting eel used consists of PVDF as a piezoelectric material. Large power and amplitude flapping are observed for the conventional piezoelectric eel when it is placed off the midline. We observed that maximum power obtained for 1200 cut angle cylinder is 13.32% more than 1500 cut angle cylinder and 18.24% more than 1800 cut angle cylinder. 30cm.

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Biomimetic Study of Hydrodynamic Analysis of Flapping Fish /

By Hafeez ,Ossama . . 62p. ; 30cm..

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Numerical Simulation of two particles in a bended micro-channel /

By Iqrar ,Syed Atif. . Supervisor : Dr. Emad Uddin 30cm..

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Energy harvesting by bio-inspired inverted C-cylinders in stagger arrangements /

By Nawaz ,Shaban . . 64p. ; 30cm..

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Boundary Layer Effect on a Square Cylinder by Changing Chamfer Dimensions /

By Hassan ,Mian Muhammad Najam Ul. . 61p. ; 30cm..

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Effect of Lip Angle on Wake Dynamics /

By Nawaz ,Muhammad Ahmad . . 65p. ; 30cm..

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Energy Harvesting from Unsymmetrical EEL in the wake of Solid Cylinders /

By Ahmad ,Safeer . . 98p. ; 30cm..

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Experimental Study of Lings Airways /

By Sardar, Hassan . . 55p. , Breathing is phenomenon essential for every mammal on Earth. Key role of respiratory system is transmission of vital gases between air and blood. Conventionally some macroscale techniques for flow visualization in trachea-bronchial region was achieved by using 3D printing of idealized/realistic airways model. Due to limitations in fabrication and CT image resolution, limited amount of experimental study is done on bronchial region. We fabricated simplified model of terminal bronchi airways by using polydimethylsiloxane. Micro-fluidic channel is fabrication by using the 3D printed molds via SLA printer (FormLabs 3+ with layer thickness of 50 μm). The mold is then used to fabricate transparent channel of PDMS which is good for visualization of flow. It is first of its kind of fabrication of terminal bronchial airways by using microfluidic chip fabrication method. Moreover, the chips fabricated using the PDMS have some paybacks like we can easily visualize flow passing through the airways. We use syringe pumps for flow of three breathing conditions sleep, normal and exercise. We demonstrated airways focusing using microscope and visualized fluid flow by using particle image velocimetry method. The statistics evidence good agreement with our experimental results and simulation results from the literature. The results shows that turbulence kinetics energy decreases by using pressurized meter dose inhaler. 30cm.

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Experimental Investigation of Active Flapping for Energy Harvesting: A Comparative Analysis between Circular and C-type Cylinders /

By Talha, Muhammad . . 68p. , The demand for renewable energy resources is increasing day by day. The most efficient sources of energy include hydroelectricity and nuclear power plants. The focus is to develop a sustainable system with minimum cost investment. This study evaluates the generation of electricity through active flapping of the piezoelectric flag that generates electricity through turbulence in the moving fluid. This research compares electricity generation when a circular/solid and C-shaped cylinder is placed at 90 degrees to the moving fluid. The study experiments with different gap widths and velocities of the moving fluid to find the ideal setup. The gap width between the cylinders and the flapping flag varies between 2.0D ≤ Dx ≤ 4.0D. Also, the moving fluid velocity varies from 0.136m/s ≤ v ≤ 0.3m/s. The experiment shows that a C-type cylinder gives more power than a circular cylinder. The study strengthens the development of renewable energy applications by offering comprehensive details on the best configuration for piezoelectric-based energy harvesters in fluid flow parameters. 30cm.

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Koopman Analysis and Dynamic Mode Decomposition of a Flexible Flag behind a Semi-Circular Cylinder /

By Qadeer, Abdul . . 65p. , Flexible flag behind a semi-circular cylinder exhibiting complex dynamics, is studied numerically using immersed boundary method and data driven methods like Koopman Analysis and Dynamic Mode Decomposition. The effect of vortices shed by the D-shaped cylinder were studied by varying the distance between semi-circular cylinder and flag (Gx) in range 0-2.8 by an increment of 0.1 while keeping Re=300, ρ = 1 and bending rigidity ϒ=0.007 as constants. Five regions were identified having different flapping behaviors like symmetric/periodic flapping, chaotic flapping etc. The dynamics of these regions, transition between regions and drag observed by the flag is studied corresponding to these regions. Further more Dynamic Mode decomposition is used for modal analysis of flexible flag behind a semi-circular cylinder for three cases Re 100, 300 and 500 while keeping the fag at a stream-wise distance (Gx) 1.8. Other parameters, ρ = 1 and bending rigidity ϒ=0.007 are kept as constants. The DMD decomposes the system as a quasiperiodic system having two fundamental frequencies, one is frequency of the whole system which is also the frequency of flapping of flag, while the other is a secondary frequency that account for the local interactions of the flag with the fluid that results damping. DMD and kernel variant of DMD which numerically approximates Koopman Operator are used for the reconstruction of posttransient and full transient Re100 and Re300 case. 30cm.

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Energy Harvesting by Bio-Inspired Inverted C- Cylinders /

By Tanveer, Abdullah . . 51p. , In a uniform flow, the interaction of piezoelectric flag with bio inspired C shaped bluff bodies was examined. Based on vortex-induced vibration, the piezoelectric eel converts the kinetic energy of flowing water into electrical energy. The flapping behavior of a piezoelectric flag in the wake of a bluff body was studied in terms of stream wise gap between piezoelectric flag and bluff body. The experiments were carried out by placing a conventional piezoelectric flag in the wake of a bluff body in a low-speed water tunnel and varying the stream wise gap (Gx) behind a bio inspired inverted C shaped cylinder to see how the vortices produced by the bluff body affected the flapping amplitude, frequency, and voltage generated by the piezoelectric flags. The effect of different bluff bodies and varying streamwise gap on energy harvesting was observed and optimal results were obtained. 30cm.

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Analysis of Flapping Wings Micro Air Vehicle /

By Attiq ur Rehman, Muhammad . . 68p. , Flapping Wings Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) are incredible flyers. It is evident from the literature that flapping wings micro air vehicles have higher lift to drag ratio and higher power to weight ratio. Current study aims to dug in the effects of flapping frequency, flapping angle, and velocity and in phase verses out of phase motion of Fore and Hindwings on the basic aerodynamic coefficients. Numerical Simulations in ANSYS Fluent have been performed on the approximate 3D CAD Model of Dragonfly made in SolidWorks. The results show that L/D ratio is maximum for the cases with Low Velocities, Higher Flapping Frequencies and Higher Flapping Angles. L/D Ratio for In phase motion of wings at low velocity is higher and higher for Out of phase motion at high velocity provided same Flapping Frequency, and Flapping Angle. L/D ratio is higher for 25° Flapping Angle/Angle of Attack for most cases. 30cm.

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Experimental Study of Energy Harvesting Flag under the Influence of Wakes/

By Latif Usman. . 143,p; 30,cm..

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SIMULATION OF A STANDARD STORE SEPARATION FORM A GENERIC WING /

By Sheharyar, Muhammad. . ix.75p.; , Hardcover 30cm..

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Experimental Study of Energy Harvesting Flag under the Influence of Wakes /

By Latif, Usman. . 167p. , In this dissertation, an energy harvesting system based on wake flow energy is proposed for microelectromechanical devices that require few watts of energy for their operation. A potential source of small-scale renewable energy that draws a lot of attention is to harvest energy linking up with the piezo-flag’s vibration which is caused by fluid force on it. The stability of the structure is depending upon this applied force and at a critical velocity, it starts to oscillate. To be benefited from this phenomenon a piezoelectric flag is used just like a cantilever beam and placed in the wake of a bluff body. The piezoelectric flag is excited by the shedded vortices in the wake region where a continuous energy transfer process, from fluid to structure, occurs. This oscillation of the piezo flag produces strain energy in the piezo-material that can be transformed into electrical energy and stored in a battery or directly supply power to small sensors using an electrical circuit. The flag in the wake of the cylinder was strongly influenced by the vortices shed from the upstream cylinder under the vortex-vortex and vortexbody interactions. Geometric and flow parameters are optimized for a flexible flag subjected to flapping. For investigating the effect of critical parameters and interactions between flexible bodies and vortices, the current study examined the flexible flags in the viscous flow. Extensive experimentation is performed to see the impact of key parameters along with the bluff body’s shape change on the energy harvesting from piezoelectric flags. Several crosssections of the bluff body covering hollow, solid, and range of cut angles (α= 0° – 180°) are studied. Other parameters including the geometry of the bluff body, L/D (ratio of flag’s length to cylinder diameter), streamwise gap (Gx=S/D, the ratio of the distance between cylinder and flag to the diameter), flow velocity U and bending rigidity γ are optimized and it is found that harvested energy is sensitive to these parameters. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) and videography techniques are used for the bluff body wake and dynamical behavior of piezoflag. However, PIV is done for selective cases but videography is performed for every case. PIV results show that the variation in the time-mean wake for different bluff bodies has a significant impact on the energy harvesting system’s performance. Two different flag configurations are studied to improve the energy harvesting: a single flag behind different bluff bodies, and two tandem formations behind a hollow inverted Cshape cylinder. Variation in synchronization of wake flow with the flag is found with the variation in stated parameters which describes the poorly coupled to an optimally coupled motion state, where the piezo-flag oscillates at the undisturbed wake’s natural frequency. x Furthermore, unidirectional and bidirectional bending is found which explained the variations in the harvested energy. The aim of the wind and hydrodynamic testing is to maximize the strain/mechanical energy by coupling the unsteady wake flow with the vibration of the piezoflag. 30cm.

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