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Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder affecting over 589 million adults globally,
induces diabetes-associated cognitive impairment and peripheral neuropathy through
sustained hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain barrier
dysfunction. Existing therapies inadequately target both central and peripheral neural
damage due to poor blood-brain barrier penetration. This study developed cinnamon barkderived carbon nanodots (CIN-CNDs) conjugated with chenodeoxycholic acid (CINCDCA) via green hydrothermal synthesis as a novel nanotherapeutic for diabetesassociated complications. Characterization using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier
Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed nanoscale particle formation (average 4.4 nm),
successful functionalization, and surface morphology suitable for biomedical
applications. Physicochemical testing demonstrated excellent hemocompatibility (<5%
hemolysis), high drug loading efficiency (85 ± 3%), pH-stable hydrolytic stability across
physiological ranges, and controlled sustained release profile over 72 hours. In
streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, CIN-CDCA nanoconjugates (10 mg/kg, i.p., 1, 4, 14
days) showed significant improvements across comprehensive neuropathic pain
assessments (cold allodynia, hot plate, paw pressure, tail immersion; all p<0.01) and
cognitive function tests (Morris water maze, Y-maze, novel object recognition, open
field).CIN-CDCA nanoconjugates demonstrate biocompatibility, targeted delivery, and
disease-modifying efficacy for diabetes-associated neural complications, warranting
clinical translation.